Understanding Chest Compressions

Welcome to this edition of the First Aid Show. Today, we delve into the critical topic of chest compressions, exploring what they are and how they should be properly delivered in an emergency.

What Are Chest Compressions?

Chest compressions are a lifesaving technique used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) when a person has stopped breathing and their heart has ceased beating. They help maintain vital blood flow to the heart and brain until normal heart function can be restored.

Step-by-Step Guide to Delivering CPR

Prepare the Setting

• Ensure a Hard Surface: Before starting compressions, make sure the patient is lying flat on a hard surface.

Positioning Your Hands

• Hand Placement: Place one hand on top of the other, using the heel of the bottom hand to press down in the centre of the chest, between the nipples.
• Lock Your Elbows: Keep your arms straight and elbows locked to apply sufficient pressure.

Executing the Compressions

• Press Hard and Fast: Press down firmly to compress the chest by at least two inches. Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions to let the heart refill with blood.
• Keep the Rhythm: Aim for a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute – think of the rhythm of songs like ‘Stayin’ Alive’ by the Bee Gees or ‘Baby Shark’ for pacing.

Maintaining Persistence

Continue performing chest compressions without interruption. If you become tired, have another person take over without pausing the compressions, coordinating the switch seamlessly.

Common Concerns and Misconceptions

Many first aiders worry about the potential to cause harm, such as breaking ribs. While this is a possibility, the benefit of saving a life far outweighs these concerns. Remember, effective CPR can be the difference between life and death.

Role of Rescue Breaths

While rescue breaths are part of traditional CPR, they are often omitted by untrained bystanders to focus solely on chest compressions, which are critical to the patient’s survival.

Conclusion

Performing CPR can be intense and demanding, but it’s crucial in emergency situations. Always follow the guidance of emergency responders or 999 operators who can assist you through the process.